FERPA常见问题

一般而言，合资格的学生有权:

• 检查和审查他们的记录
• 要求修改他们的记录
• 控制从他们的记录中泄露个人身份信息

"Education record" refers to records directly related to a student and maintained by an educational institution or by a party acting for the institution. 它包括以任何方式记录的任何信息, 包括, 但不限于, 笔迹, 打印, 计算机媒体, 视频或音频磁带文件, 电影, 缩微胶卷和缩微胶片. 教育记录是指:

• Directly related to a student (contains personally identifiable information about the student); and
• Maintained by an education agency or institution or by a party acting for the agency or institution

Examples include transcripts; exams; papers; financial aid and account records; disability accommodation records; disciplinary records; photographs; faculty/staff email messages to, 来自或关于学生的.

以下不被视为“教育记录”:

• 未记录的信息，即个人知识
• 独资记录(由制造商独资保存), 用作记忆辅助工具，不能让其他人接触或透露)
• 执法记录
• 某些雇佣记录
• 治疗记录
• 校友记录
• 同行评分论文

在FERPA, an eligible student has the right to request that inaccurate or misleading information in their record be amended. While a school is not required to amend education records in accordance with the student’s request, 学校必须考虑这一请求. 如果学校根据学生的要求决定不修改记录, 学校必须告知学生他们有权就此事举行听证会. If, 作为听证会的结果, 学校仍然决定不修改记录, 学生有权在记录中加入陈述，阐述他们的观点. That statement must remain with the contested part of the student’s record for as long as the record is maintained.

While the FERPA amendment procedure may be used to challenge facts that are inaccurately recorded, 它不能被用来挑战一个等级, 决定:学校对学生的意见或实质性决定. FERPA was intended to require only that schools conform to fair record keeping practices.

在FERPA, a school may not generally disclose personally identifiable information from an eligible student’s education record to a third party without the written consent of the student. However, FERPA allows colleges and universities to classify part of the education record as 目录信息. (BSU目录信息的识别见下文.) Typically, schools may disclose 目录信息 without the written consent of the student. Any student who wishes to prevent the disclosure of 目录信息 can complete a request form and return it to the Registrar’s Office. 重要的是要注意，有了这个限制, BSU may not be able to verify degree or enrollment status nor publish awards received by the student. The restriction will remain in effect until the student submits a written request to have it revoked.

另外, there a number of exceptions that allow schools to disclose personally identifiable information from education records without consent, 虽然他们不需要这样做. 一般而言，事先书面同意规定的例外情况允许披露:

• 对于有“合法教育利益”的学校官员. School officials typically include professors; administrators; health staff; counselors; attorneys; clerical staff; trustees; members of committees and disciplinary boards; and a contractor, volunteer or other party to whom the school has outsourced institutional services or functions.
• 学生寻求或打算入学的学校
• In connection with financial aid if the information is necessary for such purposes as to determine eligibility, 援助金额, 援助条件, 和/或执行援助的条款和条件.
• To the parents of a “dependent student” as the term is defined in Section 152 of Internal Revenue Code.
• 致有关各方, 包括符合条件学生的家长, 与健康或安全紧急情况有关.
• 给学生的家长关于学生违反任何联邦法律, 州或地方法律, 或者学校的任何规定或政策, 管制酒或受管制物质的使用或占有的, if the school determines that the student has committed a disciplinary violation with respect to that use or possession and the student is under 21 years of age at the time of the disclosure to the parent.
• When such information has been appropriately designated as 目录信息; that is, information that would generally not be considered harmful or an invasion of privacy if disclosed.
• 致美国总审计长的授权代表, 美国司法部长, 美国.S. 教育部长, and the state and local educational authorities for audit or evaluation of federal or state supported education programs, or for the enforcement of or compliance with federal legal requirements that relate to those programs.
• To organizations conducting studies for or on behalf of the school making the disclosure for the purposes of administering predictive tests, 管理学生援助项目或改善教学.
• 遵从司法命令或合法发出的传票
• To the victim of an alleged perpetrator of a crime of violence or a non-forcible sex offense concerning the final results of disciplinary hearing with respect to the alleged crime
• To any third party the final results of a disciplinary proceeding related to a crime of violence or non-forcible sex offense if the student who is the alleged perpetrator is found to have violated the school’s rules or policies. 最终结果的披露只包括:涉嫌犯罪者的姓名, 所犯的违法行为和对被指控的犯罪者施加的任何制裁. 披露不得包括任何其他学生的名字, 包括受害者或证人, 没有得到学生的书面同意.

ladbrokes立博中文版确定了以下目录信息:

• 名字
• 家乡
• 大学或学校和主修领域
• 参加官方认可的活动和体育运动
• 运动员的体重、身高和年龄
• 入学日期
• 级别(i).e. 大一、大二等.)
• 注册情况(全日制、非全日制)
• 获得的证书、学位和奖项，包括院长名单和荣誉